The Fixed Points of Off-Policy TD

author: J. Zico Kolter, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
published: Sept. 6, 2012,   recorded: December 2011,   views: 2801
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Off-policy learning, the ability for an agent to learn about a policy other than the one it is following, is a key element of Reinforcement Learning, and in recent years there has been much work on developing Temporal Different (TD) algorithms that are guaranteed to converge under off-policy sampling. It has remained an open question, however, whether anything can be said a priori about the quality of the TD solution when off-policy sampling is employed with function approximation. In general the answer is no: for arbitrary off-policy sampling the error of the TD solution can be unboundedly large, even when the approximator can represent the true value function well. In this paper we propose a novel approach to address this problem: we show that by considering a certain convex subset of off-policy distributions we can indeed provide guarantees as to the solution quality similar to the on-policy case. Furthermore, we show that we can efficiently project on to this convex set using only samples generated from the system. The end result is a novel TD algorithm that has approximation guarantees even in the case of off-policy sampling and which empirically outperforms existing TD methods.

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Download slides icon Download slides: nips2011_kolter_fixedpoints_01.pdf (649.7 KB)

Download article icon Download article: kolter-nips11.pdf (172.4 KB)


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