Women's mass entry into the academic and scientific fields (particularly in the second part of the 20th Century) is happening in social circumstances where sexist patterns are slowly dissolving. Therefore, the issue of women in science is multifaceted and can be separated into two kinds: a) how the »second sex« is perceived and considered as a subject in scientific analysis and estimations, which is an especially urgent subject in social sciences and humanities, and b) how are women situated as direct participants in scientific activities, which is important in all the domains of science. In the lecture the author will be focused on the second aspect, particularly on the question of the politics of equal opportunities in science from the perspective of it's placement inside historical and socio-cultural milieus. According to this starting-point she will represent the key features of the EU political orientation regarding the abolition of discrimination against women in science and focus on the situation in Slovenia.