"I remember you but not your name" - The brain and proper name retreival / "Spomnim se te, a ne vem, kako se kličeš" - Možgani in priklic lastnih imen

author: Carlo Semenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Trieste
published: Jan. 15, 2009,   recorded: October 2006,   views: 4379
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Description

Proper names are important in every day life. Forgetting them is a very common source of embarrassment, increasingly more frequent with aging. Their difference with common names has been matter of philosophical speculations and linguistic theories. Until two decades ago, the mechanisms underlying their production were largely unknown and undistinguished from those underlying the production of common names.

In this talk, proper name retrieval is compared to common name retrieval. The following questions are addressed:

  • Are PN (proper names) and common names (CN) processed separately?
  • Can PN processing be located in the brain?
  • Is PN processing more difficult than CN processing?
  • Does PN processing change with age differently with respect to common names?
  • Can neuropsychology of PN be used for clinical purposes?

The answer to these questions is sought via the methods of cognitive neuropsychology. Findings in selected clinical cases are shown to be consistent with both philosophical and linguistic theories on the difference between PN and CN. A theoretical information processing model of proper name retrieval, derived from neuropsychological findings, is proposed. The psychological reality of some linguistic theories is demonstrated.


Lastna imena so pomembna v vsakdanjem življenju. Pozabljenje lastnih imen je zelo pogost vir zadrege, ki s starostjo postaja vse pogostejši. Razlike med lastnimi in občimi imeni so predmet številnih filozofskih špekulacij in jezikoslovnih teorij. Še vse do pred dobrima dvema desetletjema pa so bili mehanizmi njihove produkcije pretežno nepoznani in enačeni s tistimi, ki uravnavajo produkcijo občih imen.

V tem predavanju, ki primerja priklic lastnih imen s priklicem občih imen, se bo skušalo odgovoriti na naslednja vprašanja:

  • Ali so lastna imena v možganih procesirana ločeno od občih imen?
  • Ali lahko znotraj možgan lociramo predel, ki se ukvarja s procesiranjem lastnih imen?
  • Ali je procesiranje lastnih imen zahtevnejše od procesiranja občih imen?
  • Ali se procesiranje lastnih imen s starostjo spreminja drugače kot procesiranje občih imen?
  • Ali je nevropsihologija lastnih imen uporabna tudi v klinične namene?

Na ta vprašanja bomo odgovorili z metodami kognitivne nevropsihologije. Ugotovitve nekaj kliničnih študij so konsistentne tako s filozofskimi kot z jezikoslovnimi teorijami o razliki med lastnimi in občimi imeni. Predstavljen bo informacijsko procesni model priklica lastnih imen, izpeljan iz nevropsiholoških ugotovitev. S tem bo dokazana psihološka realnost nekaterih jezikoslovnih teorij.

Professor Semenza starts his talk in English at the time of 2:15 within video

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